Welding and cutting torch



p 27, 1932- J. H. BROWNING Y 1,879,789

WELDING AND CUTTING'TORCH Filed June 11, 1931 I INVENTIOR JAMES H. BROWN/1V6! Maw ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT, oFFIcE;

JAMES H. BROWNING, or GREAT NECK, NEW YORK, assrenon 'ro saxn'rx IIQUID FUEL TOBQH CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE WELDING AND CUTTING TORCH Application filed June 11,

m ing a flame nozzle at one end and a passage extending longitudinally of the burner head. A lateral passage is also provided which communicates with the longitudinal passage of the burner head. This latter passage is usually adjacent the endof the burner head opposite to the flame nozzle and is adapted to convey fuel and oxygen to the longitudinal passage through the burner. head, which passage acts as a mixing chamber wherein the fuel and oxygen are mixed. Extending through the passage there is, in a cutting torch, a tubular member which is adapted to convey an auxiliary supply of oxygen to the flame nozzle. This tubular "member communicates with a passage in the burner head wh ch is adapted to be connected to an auxiliary oxygen supply tube. The diameter of the tubular member within the burner head is less than the diameter of the passage through the burner head so that an annular space-is provided through which the commingled oxygen and fuel pass to the flame nozzle. The oxygen and the fuel are delivered to the burner head under pressure and pass through the passage in the'burner head to the flame nozzle in a relatively short time resulting in poor or unsatisfactory mixing of the oxygen and fuel. It has also been found that the commingled oxygen and fuelthrough the auxiliary burner'results 1n a-prel0 are not uniformly distributed about the flame heating flame of "greater strength which is nozzle so that the flame issuing from the torch is not uniform.

In torches utilizing a fuel which must be vaporized prior to being '.mixed with the oxygen in the burner head, .such'for instance as liquid fuel torches, there is an auxiliary flame nozzle or burner extending from the burner head and directed towards the wall of a passage through which the liquid fuel passes. This auxiliary burner, communi- 1931. Serial No. 543,519..

cates with the passage in the burner head through which the commingled fuel and oxygen passes to the main flame nozzle. In practice, it has been found that insuflicient gas passes through this auxiliary flame nozzle and the pressure of the gas passing therethrough is not the full pressure on the gas which condition results in a flame that is nozzle. This agitation and. uniform distribution of the gases within the burner head produces a uniform flame which is more eflicientin performance. v

In addition to thoroughly mixing the fuel and oxygen passing throughthe burner head,

and distributing the comming'led gas uniformly about theflame nozzle, the

agitating means of my invention causes a bac pressure and when it is located adjacent the point of communication between the auxiliary burner of a liquid fuel torch, the'back pressure causes thegases to pass through the auxiliary burner under increased pressure. This increased pressure onthe gases passing not readily extinguished by unfavorable weather conditions.

Specifically, I provide in a. cutting torch for example a burner head which has-a longitudinal passage therethrou h. One end of the burner head'is' provide with a threaded boss. The passage through the burner head terminates in a passage of lesser diameter which communicates with a lateral passage.

The portion of the passage of lesser diameter is internally threaded and adapted to receivethe threaded end of a tubular member which extends into the passage through the burner head. This tubular member communicates with the aforementioned lateral passage and is adapted to convey an auxiliary supply of oxygen. The outer end of the tubular member is provided with a frustoconical tip, the outer surface ofwhich is channeled. Adjacent this frust-o-conical tip, there is a squared section which is provided for the purpose of assembling the burner head. A burner tip extends over the outer end of the tubular member and is provided with an internally threaded portion ich engages the threaded boss of the burner head. The tip is provided with a section complementary to the frusto-conical tip on the tubular member and with the channeled grooves in the tip on the tubular member provide a plurality r of orifices through which'the mixed fuel and oxygen are ejected. This portion constitutes v the flame nozzle of the burner head.

which extend through the battle at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the passage through the burnerhead. The fuel and oxygen passing through the burner head passes through these channeled grooves in the bafiie and is forced, by virtue of the inclination of the channeled grooves in the battle with respect to the passage through the burner head, to assume a swirling motion, thus agitating and intimately mixing the fuel and oxygen. The gases thereafter continue their passage through the burner head in the form of a spiral and are uniformly distributed to the several channels in the tip on the tubular member within the burner head or the orifice of the flame nozzle. In this way, a uniform flame is delivered by the torch.

When the bafiie is used in conjunction with a burner head having an auxiliary flame noz-' zle such as, for example, the burner head utilized on a liquid fuel welding and cutting apparatus, the battle is located directly behind the point of communication between the auxiliary flame nozzle and the passage through the burner head, relative to the direction of movement of the gases through the burner head. The bafile creates a certain amount of back pressure, and when located directly behind the point of communication of the auxiliary flame nozzle with the passage through the burner head, relative to the direction of movement of gases through the burner head, the back pressure created by the baflle results in a better and more efiicient distribution of fuel and oxygen to the auxiliary flame nozzle.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from the following particular description of one embodiment thereof which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

ig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a burner head constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevation of a tubular member with a battle formed thereon; and

Fig. 4 is a perspective of a portion of a tubular member with the bafile formed thereon.

In the drawing, I have illustrated my invention in connectionwith a liquid fuel cutting and'weiding torch. It is, however, to be understood that although "the invention has additional advantages when used in connec-.

tion with a liquid fuel welding and cutting torch it is by no means limited thereto but is equally applicable to any type of welding and cutting apparatus irrespective of the character of fuel utilized. In the drawing, the burner head 1 has a longitudinal passage 2 formed therein. ,One end of the burner head is shaped to form a boss 3 which is threaded externally for a purpose which will hereinafter appear. The passage through the burner head is reduced in diameter adjacent the end ofthe burner head opposite to the threaded boss 3 and terminates in a lateral passage 4, lateral to the passage through the burner head. This lateral passage extends through a lateral section 5 formed on one side of the burner head which section has two recesses, one communicating with the lateral passage 4, and another communicating with a lateral passage 6 which is parallel to the lateral passage 4. The burner head shown is also formed with an inclined boss 7 directed towards the plane of the passage 6, which boss has a passage therethrough communicating with the passage through the burner head The end of this boss 7 is re cessed and threaded internally. The internal threads in the inclined boss are adapted to engage threads formed on an extension 8 of a flame tip 9, .which flame tip constitutes an auxiliary flame nozzle.

Within the passage 2 through the'burner head, there is a tubular member 10 which extends beyond the end of the threaded boss 3 of the burner head. The inner end of this tubular member is threaded exteriorly to engage 'internal threads formed in the portion of the passa e through the burner head which er, end of the tubular member, there'is a frusto-conical tip 11, the surface ofwhich is channeled longitudinally of the tip. Adjacent the tip the tubular member is provided with a squared section 12.v Between the inner end ,of'the' squared section 12 and the threaded end of the tubular member, there is formed on the tubular member a battle 13, the outer] diameter of which is substantially equaLto the inner diameter ofthe passage through the.

burner head. This battle is located, when the tubular member is in position in the burner head, immediately behind the point of communication between the passage through the inclined boss 7 and the passage through the burner head, relative to the direction of movement of the gases through the burner head. The baffie is provided witha plurality of channeled shaped grooves 14 inclined to the axis of the passage through the burner head. The frusto-conical tip 11 of the tubular member is made of Monel metal which exhibits a high resistance to heat. The remainder of the tubular member is made of bronze which radiates heat rapidly. Thus, heat absorbed by the frusto-conical tip is transmitted to the bronze tubular member from which it is radiated.

Overthe outer end of the tubular member there is fitted a burner tip 15, one end of which is internally threaded to engage the threads on the boss 3 formed on the burner head. Internally, the opposite end of the burner tip is complementary to the frustoconical tip 11 on the tubular member 10. The several channel shaped grooves formed in the surface of the tip on the end of the tubular member, in conjunction with the internal wall of the burner tip, form a plurality of orifices and constitute the flame nozzle of the burner head.

-The recess in the lateral section 5 of the burner head, which communicates with the lateral passage 6, is internally threaded to receive the threaded end of a tubular member 16 which is in communication with the passage 6. The end of the tubular member,

which extends into the recess, is solid and has a passage extending therethrough which expands to the diameter of the tubular member, forming a conical portion 17. \Vithin thetubular member, there is a core 18 which has a spiral groove 19 formed in its outer surface. This core fits snugly within the tubular member and the groove forms, with the inner wall of the tubular member, a spiral passage for liquid fuel. The core is hollow and receives a tubular member 20, which is slidably mounted therein, and which has a solid upper end portion 21 having a passage therethrough in alignment with the passage 6 in the burner head. The upper end of this inner tubular member is frusto-conical in shape and com-v fplementaryto the conicalportion 1710f the is of reduce diameter. On'the other, or out-' passage throughthe solid end of-the external tubular memberlfi. This conical end of the inner tube constitutes a valve which cooperateswith the conical portion of the passage through the solid end section of the external tubular member, actinggas a valve. seat, to

regulate the quantity of vaporized liquid fuel passingjfrom the spiral 'roove into the passage '6." The inner'tube' 0 conveysa supply ofoxygen which passes through the passage in'the solid end thereof and the passe e 6 into the passage 2 of the burner head. e

other recess in the burner head, which communicates with the passage/t, is adapted to receive a tubular member 22 throughwhich an auxiliary supply of oxygen .isconveyed to the interior of the tubular member 10 within the burner head.

The operation of the portion of the torch illustrated is as follows: Liquid fuel is supplied to the spiral passage formed by the spiralgroove in the core 18 and the inner wall of the tubular member. This liquid fuel passes spirally up the tubular member past the region of the tubular member on to which the auxiliary flame nozzle is directed. This section of the tubular member constitutes a preheater or vaporizer and the liquid fuel is preheated and vaporized in this section, passing out of the spiral groove as a vapor. Some of the heat from the auxiliary flame is conveyed through the core and the inner tubular memberto the oxygen within the inner tubular member which is also preheated. The vaporized fuel. passes from the spiral groove into the conical section of the passage throughthe solid end of the exterior tubular member and to the passage-2 of the burner head. The quantity of vaporized fuel which passes to the burner head is regulated by moving the inner oxygen tube 20 longitudinally to seat and unseat the valve formed on its end.

Oxygen passes through the inner tube and into the passage in the solid end section of the exterior tube 16 together with the vaporized fuel and the two gases pass throughthe passagefi and into the annular space provided between the interior wall of the tubular member within the burner head and the wall of burner head.

The two gases pass longitudinally of the burner head to the bafiie formed on the tubular member and by virtue of the inclined passages through the bafile, the gases are agitateu, being forced to assume a swirling motlQIl as they pass through the bafile. The gases proceed through the remainder of the passage in the burner head to the burner tip I in a swirling, spiral movement and are distributed uniformly tothe channels formed in the tip onthe end of the tubular member, issuing from the burnertip uniformly distributed about the burner tip.

the passage 2 through the The bafile, as hereinbefore stated, is located directly behind the point of communication between the passage through the inclined boss 7 and the passage through the burner head. The baflie causes the gases to eddy at this point and create a back pressure.

described above, by those skilled in the art,

within the principle and scope of my invention as expressed in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a cutting and Welding apparatus a burner head adapted to be connected to a source of fuel and oxygen supply and having a flame nozzle and a passage the-rethrough between the flame nozzle'and the point of connection to a source of fuel and oxygen supply, an auxiliary flame nozzle extending from said burner head and communicating with the passage therethrough, and means within the passage through the burner head I for agitating the gases passing therethrough to thoroughly mix the gases and distribute the gases uniformly about the flame nozzle, said agitating nieans being directly behind the point of communication of the auxiliary flame nozzle with. the passage through the 0 burner head relative to the direction'of movement of the gases through the-burner head.

2. In a cutting and welding apparatus a burner head adapted to be connected to a sour e of fuel and oxygen supply and having a flame nozzle and a. passage therethrough between the flame nozzle and the point adapted to be connected to a source of fuel and oxygen'supply, an auxiliary flame nozzle extending from said burner head and communicating with the passage therethrough,

and a bafiie within the passage through the burner directly behind the point of communication of the auxiliary flame nozzle with the passage through the burner head relative to the direction of movement of gases through the burner head, said baflle having passages therethrough inclined to the axis of the passage through the burner head.

3. In a cutting and welding afiaaratus a burner head adapted to be connected to a source of fuel and oxygen supply and having a flame nozzle and a passage therethrough between the flame nozzle and the point adapted to be connected to a source of fuel and oxygen supply, a tubular member extending through the passage in the burner headg' said tubular member being of less diameter than the diameter of the passage through the burner head and adapted to convey an auxiliary supply of oxygen to the flame nozzle,

an auxiliary flame nozzle extending from said burner head and communicating wlth the passage therethrough, and a baflie in the annular space between the tubular member and the walls of the passage directly behind the point of communication of the auxiliary flame nozzle with the passage through the burner head relative to the direction of movement of gases through the passage, the baflie having channel shaped grooves therethrough at the periphery thereof inclined tothe axis of the passage through the burner.

4. In a cutting and welding torch, a burner head having a flame nozzle at one end thereof, a tubular member connected to the burner head adjacent the other end thereof, the burner head having a passage therethrough between the tubular member and the flame nozzle and the tubular member having passages therethrough adapted to convey fuel and oxygen to the passage through the burner head, an auxiliary flame nozzle extending from the burner head towards said tubular member and? communicating with the passage through the burner head, and a baflie within the passage through the burner head directly behind the point of communication of the auxiliary flame nozzle with the passage through the burner head relative to the direction of movement of gases through the passage, the baflle having passagestherethrough inclined to the axis of the passage throu h the burner head. i

5. n a cutting and welding apparatus, a burner head adaptedlto be connected to a I source of fuel and oxygen supply and having a passage therethrough, longitudinally thereof, a flame nozzle on the end of the burner head, an auxiliary flame nozzle extending from said burner head and communicatin with the passage through the burner hea and means within the passage through the burner head for creating a back pressure on the gases flowing therethrough, said means being directly 'behind the point of communication of the auxiliary flame nozzle with the passage through the burner head relative to the direction of movement of gases through the passage in the burner head.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my signature.

JAMES H. BROWNING. 

